Experience & Education – Michael J. Kron, MD, FAPA

CURRENT ACTIVITIES/POSITIONS

Cofounder and Chief Financial Officer, Isobatic Technology Systems Incorporated
Advisor/Research, Biofluid Technology Systems, Inc.

POSITION PRIOR TO START OF CURRENT PRIVATE PRACTICE

– Medical Director—5/2009 to 12/2009
Bay Area Research Institute
Lafayette, California

– Senior Physician, Partner, Shareholder—elected 11/1/2006-served until 5/2009

– Participant Physician—elected 11/24/2003

– Associate Physician—5/2002-11/2003
Department of Psychiatry
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California

– Associate Physician—9/2001-5/2002
Kaiser Permanente Vallejo Medical Center
Vallejo, California

FORMER POSITIONS

Senior Physician, Partner, Shareholder—elected 11/1/2006-served until 5/2009
Participant Physician—elected 11/24/2003
Associate Physician—5/2002-11/2003
Department of Psychiatry
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California
Associate Physician—9/2001-5/2002
Kaiser Permanente Vallejo Medical Center
Vallejo, California

CLINICAL PROFESSIONAL WORK COMMENDATIONS & PATIENT SATISFACTION METRICS

“The most sought out psychiatrist among our group” David Atkins, MD, Sub Chief, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Department of Psychiatry, January 15, 2009.

“High Flyer MPS Group” (top 10% rated clinicians across Northern California Regional Departments of Psychiatry, as rated by patient satisfaction survey), Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Departments of Psychiatry, 2006, 2007, 2008.

“The MD with the lowest patient transfer rate” to other MDs in Psychiatry Department, David Atkins, MD, Sub Chief, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Department of Psychiatry, reporting for 2007, 2008 and 2009 (reported by him before I left the Department in May 2009).

“MPS Champion” (highest rated Psychiatrist in Department of more than 12 Psychiatrists as rated by patient satisfaction survey), presented by Robert Fusco, MD, Chief, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Department of Psychiatry, 2007.

EDUCATION:

POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING
RESIDENCY

– Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry.
– Yale University Health Services Department of Mental Hygiene,

– Yale-New Haven Hospital Adult Inpatient Unit,
– Yale-New Haven Hospital Electroconvulsive Therapy Service,
– Yale-New Haven Hospital, C-CMHC and Yale Psychiatric Institute Consult-Liaison and Adult and Adolescent Inpatient Unit Nights and Weekends Call
– Yale Psychiatric Institute (Yale Psychiatric Hospital) Adolescent Inpatient Unit,
– Connecticut Community Mental Health Center (C-CMHC) Adult Inpatient Service,
– C-CMHC Adult Outpatient Clinic,
– C-CMHC Assertive Community Outreach Mobile Team,

– Yale Child Study Center,
– Yale Psychiatry Outreach Clinic—New Haven Middle Schools,

– Substance Abuse Treatment Unit,

– West Haven Veterans Administration Medical Center (WH-VAMC) Adult Inpatient Unit and Electroconvulsive Therapy Services,
– WH-VAMC Consult-Liaison Service,
– WH-VAMC Psychiatric Emergency Room, and New Haven and West Haven, Connecticut.
Resident Physician in Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 1998-2001.
New Haven, Connecticut

INTERNSHIP

Internship in Internal Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital/ University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1997-1998.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

MEDICAL EDUCATION

University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Doctor of Medicine, 1997.
-Kenneth E. Appel Award for “Highest devotion to the care and treatment of patients and constructive originality in thinking about human behavior”, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 1997.

POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION

University of California, San Diego and Salk Institute
La Jolla, California
Peptide Biology Laboratory and Department of Biology—Graduate Division, 1990-1992.
-National Science Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship Award, Honorable Mention, Awarded Supercomputer Grant, 1990.

UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Bachelor of Arts, Biology, 1986-1990.
-University Scholar, University of Pennsylvania, 1986-1990.
-Benjamin Franklin Scholar, University of Pennsylvania, 1986-1990.
-General Honors Certificate, University of Pennsylvania, 1989.
-National Merit Scholar Finalist, 1987.

CERTIFICATION

American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology – Diplomate, 2006-2026.

LICENSURE

California Physician and Surgeon License A74089, 2001. Exp 5/31/2022.
Drug Enforcement Agency License BK6797914, 2001. Exp 12/31/2023.

HONORS

High Flyer MPS Group (top 10% rated clinician across all Northern California Regional Departments of Psychiatry, as rated by patient satisfaction survey), Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2008
MPS Champion (highest rated psychiatrist in department as rated by patient satisfaction survey), Kaiser Permanente Oakland Department of Psychiatry, 2007
National Science Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship Award, Honorable Mention, Awarded Supercomputer Grant, 1990
Kenneth E. Appel Award “Highest devotion to the care and treatment of patients and constructive originality in thinking about human behavior”, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 1997)
General Honors Certificate, University of Pennsylvania, 1989
University Scholar, University of Pennsylvania, 1986-1990
Benjamin Franklin Scholar, University of Pennsylvania, 1986-1990
National Merit Scholar Finalist, 1987

CLINICAL TRIALS TRAINING

– Informed Consent Training
ePharma Solutions
5/28/2009

– Pharmacogenomics Training
ePharma Solutions
– Good Clinical Practice/ Quality Assurance Training
ePharma Solutions
5/27/2009

HOSPITAL AFFILIATIONS

– Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
(9/2002-5/2009)
Oakland, California
– Sutter Hospital Cardiac Care Unit
(5/2007-5/2009)
Oakland, California

RATING SCALE CERTIFICATIONS

1) Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I)
2) Clinical Global Impression- Severity (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impression- Change (CGI-C)
3) Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)
4) ADHD-RS-IV
5) Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS)
6 Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview DSM-IV (CAADID)
7 GRID Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (GRID HAM-D 17 and 21)

CLINICAL TRIALS

2009 – Sub Investigator
Sonexa ST101-A001-202 (Alzheimer’s Disease)
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Preliminary Study of the Efficacy , Safety and Tolerability of ST101 in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease in Subjects Concurrently Receiving Donepezil (Aricept)

2009 – Sub Investigator
Sepracor 360-029 (Major Depressive Disorder)
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study Examining the Safety, Efficacy and Tolerability of SEP-225289 in Subjects with Major Depressive Disorder (including Atypical and Melancholic Features)

2009 – Sub Investigator
Elan ELN115727-301 (Alzheimer’s Disease in Apo E-4 Non-Carriers)
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Groups, Efficacy and Safety Trial of Bapineuzumab (AAB 001, ELN115727) in patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease who are Apolipoprotein E-4 Non-Carriers.

2009 – Sub Investigator
Elan ELN115727-302 (Alzheimer’s Disease in Apo E-4 Carriers)
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Groups, Efficacy and Safety Trial of Bapineuzumab (AAB 001, ELN115727) in patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease who are Apolipoprotein E-4 Carriers.

2009 – Sub Investigator
J&J ATT2001 (ADHD)
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multicenter Study of 3 Dosages of JNJ-31001074 in the Treatment of Adult Subjects with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

CLINICAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND ACADEMIC POSITIONS

Intensive Outpatient Psychiatry Program Psychiatrist, 2003, 2004-2006
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California

Adult Consult-Liaison Psychiatrist for Cardiac Care Unit, 2008-2009
Sutter Health Plan Hospital
Oakland, California

Adult Outpatient, ER, Consult-Liaison and Nursing Home Consult Psychiatrist, 2002-2009
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California

Adult Outpatient, ER and Consult-Liaison Hospital Psychiatrist, 2001-2002
Kaiser Permanente Vallejo Medical Center
Vallejo, California

Intensive Care Unit and Cardiac Care Unit Volunteer, 1992-1993
Scripps Memorial Hospital
San Diego, California

Graduate Student in Molecular Biology, 1990-1992
University of California, San Diego, Department of Biology,
The Salk Institute Gene Expression Laboratory and Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology (with vital collaboration from Scripps Clinic and Research Institute), and
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s (HHMI) Center for Molecular Genetics
La Jolla, California

Benjamin Franklin Scholar Researcher in Molecular Biology of Carcinogenesis, 1988
The Wistar Institute
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Benjamin Franklin Scholar Researcher in NeuroPhysiology, 1988
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Benjamin Franklin Scholar Researcher in Biochemistry, 1987-1988
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Benjamin Franklin Scholar Researcher in Biochemistry, 1987
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Student Researcher, Summers 1984, 1985 and 1986
Department of Bioengineering
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

ACADEMIC RESEARCH

“Slow” (Low Frequency) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over Auditory Cortex to treat Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenic patients with treatment refractory Auditory Hallucinations, with Professor Ralph Hoffman, MD
2001
Yale Psychiatric Institute and Connecticut Community Mental Health Clinic Research Unit
New Haven, Connecticut

Positron Emission Tomography Studies in Addictive Disorders with Professor Charles O’Brien, MD, PhD and team—expanded evidence that an identified nuclear medicine correlate (markedly altered 5-deoxy-glucose marker uptake in Amygdala) reinforces physiological testing results identifying an induced substance “craving” state in stimulant addicted research subjects
1997
Center for Addiction Treatment and Department of Psychiatry,
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Transgenic Mice with Impaired cAMP Signal Transduction in Somatostatinergic Cells Show Loss in Short Term Memory—Collaborating with Professor Jenny Price, PhD at Scripps Clinic and Research Institute to generate lines of dominant-negative cAMP Binding Protein Mutant M1 (CREB-M1) mice and with Professor and Chair of Committee for Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, George Koob, PhD, also at Scripps for cognitive and physiological testing of the transgenic animals, Professor Marc Montminy, MD, PhD, of Salk Institute Clayton Foundation Peptide Biology Laboratories and I generated reverse-genetic model (driving expression of CREB-M1 with 1.4kb upstream flanking DNA sequence from human Somatostatin gene to target expression to hippocampus and to express enough M1 to exert dominant negative effect by dimerizing endogenous CREB into intactive heteromers removing cAMP responsiveness for hippocampal Somatostatin expression). The model demonstrated that modest reduction in cAMP-dependent gene expression in Somatostatinergic hippocampal tissues generated repeatable phenotype of isolated deficit in otherwise normal mice of grossly impaired visual-spatial short term memory, generated in absence of any B-amyloid or other structural gene dysregulation, and in absence of any increase in plaques or tangles upon pathology examination. This provided first transgenic evidence of the role of Somatostatin in memory deficit in mammals (results supported by elegant gene-knockout mouse generated the following year by celebrated Picower Professor Susumu Tonegawa, PhD, Director of RIKEN-MIT Research Neuroscience Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA)
1991-1992
The Salk Institute, Scripps Clinic and Research Institute and University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California

Chromosomal translocation in human acute promyelocytic leukemia fuses RAR (Retinoic Acid Receptor) alpha with previously unrecognized transcription factor, causing constitutive activation of the Receptor and resulting in loss of normal limits on cell-cycle that allow proper maturation of white blood cell types, leading to overproduction of immature, cancerous cells—this work, with Professor Ronald Evans, PhD, at Salk Institute Gene Expression Laboratory, immediately preceded trial and discovery that All-trans-Retinoic Acid is a safe and effective treatment to induce sustained remission and global normalization of blood cell types in patients diagnosed with this form of leukemia 1991
The Salk Institute and University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California

Effects of Regulators of Gene Transcription upon Development, Illness and Homeostasis with Professor M. Geoffrey Rosenfeld, MD—investigated neuronal gene regulation mediated by transcription factors interacting with upstream modifying sequences such as the POU domain as one mechanism of control for RNA polymerase activity in mammalian brain cells
1991
University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s (HHMI) Center for Molecular Genetics
La Jolla, California

Homeobox cloning with Professor Cornelis “Kees” Murre, PhD, to understand helix-loop-helix protein transcriptional factors that interact with E-box homeobox DNA sequences to drive the massive differentiation required in B and T lymphoid immune cells and also to coordinate transcription across several genes in concert to produce complex events such as successful cell division in eukaryotes, tissue differentiation by transcriptional proteins such as myogenic transcription factor MyoD, and other fundamental developmental phenomena such as defining the rostral-caudal axis and other axes in constructing complicated multi-cellular organisms such as animals and plants, 1991
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California

Transgenic maize plants induced to express novel transgenes produce more nutritionally valuable proteins like those produced by donor bean crops, with Robert Schmidt, PhD—cloning seed-storage proteins from nutrient rich bean species and introducing them into the germ-line of varieties of maize, a plant grown much more easily and adaptable across numerous climates world wide, with aim to provide nutritional benefit to undernourished human populations and globally to farm animals at markedly less cost.
1990
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California

Oncogene c-mos Induction of Mouse Teratocarcinoma with Janet Sawicki, PhD, helped investigate the ways in which genes that direct cell-cycle and differentiation can become oncogenes, producing a change that breeds cancerous daughter cells but also recruits normal host cells and directs their activities in support of the dysregulated malignant (or inappropriate benign) growth,
1989
The Wistar Institute
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Intracellular pH Regulation in Human Leukemic Blood Cells with Diego Restrepo, PhD, gave clarification on the kinetics of how Red Blood Cells manage to travel rapidly from pH neutral Oxygen-rich lung capillaries within seconds to minutes maximum to the very acid capillary beds in peripheral tissues and muscles (closer to pH 5 or 6 on a logarithmic scale, even in absence of pathological states like lactic acidosis) without undergoing the expected osmolysis from such a proton-challenge across membranes. The modifier site we elucidated (putting to rest a quandary for those in the Biochemistry community) via use of a new pH-sensitive fluorescent dye was apparently able to throw the life-saving Sodium/ Proton exchange pumps into an appropriately faster exchange rate when intracellular pH of Red Blood Cells (and other Blood Cells) approaches values that threaten to cause cellular lysis,
1988
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Intracellular Calcium Ion Currents in Stimulated Olfactory Neurons, with Diego Restrepo, PhD, were found to be generated from vast pools in the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (how cells that have primary signaling roles store Calcium ions for immediate access). The cutting edge fluorescent dye, Fura-2, elegantly showed rippling waves of Calcium emanating from Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, rather than crossing from extra-cellular sources and thus clarifying another fundamental question of how neurons function in higher animals,
1987
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Inhibitory Kinetics of Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase with Associate Director Joseph Brand, PhD, examined the characteristics of a so-far poorly investigated enzyme with important effects upon carbohydrate metabolism,
1987
The Monell Chemical Senses Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Blood Viscosity in Occlusive Arterial Disease with Professor and Chairman, Department of Bioengineering, Mitchell Litt, D.Eng.Sc.– long-term project to develop a novel rheological (fluid flow) measuring device to address non-Neutonian behavior of biological fluids such as blood in peripheral occlusive diseases or in cerebrovascular accidents. The aim was to develop an in situ measurement device for viscosity in non-Neutonian fluids: ex) blood gets 1) more viscous when it slows and 2) blood also moves more slowly as it gets more viscous, resulting in tissue loss downstream if vessel does not become patent and if the blood doesn’t return to a viscosity at which it flows quickly enough to salvage downstream tissue,
1984-1986
Department of Bioengineering
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Professional Mentor to Participant Psychiatrist, 2009
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California

COMMITTEES

Northern California Psychiatric Society, Professional Education Committee (Current Active Member)
Oakland representative to the Specialty User Input Team for Implementation, Training and Modifying/Optimizing new Regional Electronic Health Records System, 2007-2009
Kaiser Permanente Regional Psychiatry Departments
Northern California Region and Oakland Medical Center
Oakland, California

MD Liaison to Crisis Team, 2002-2003

Kaiser Permanente Department of Psychiatry,
Oakland, California

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

American Psychiatric Association
Northern California Psychiatric Society
Easy Bay Psychiatric Association

PRESENTATIONS

Treatment-Refractory Depression—Evidence-Based Approaches
Grand Rounds, Kaiser Permanente Department of Psychiatry
Oakland, CA
May, 2003

Modern Psychopharmacology Round Up
Grand Rounds, Kaiser Permanente Department of Psychiatry
Oakland, CA
September, 2003

Treatment-Refractory Psychosis—Diagnostic and Therapeutic Issues
The Right Medicine, The Right Dose and How Best to Manage Side Effects and Adherence
Guest Lecture, Multi-Family Case Management Group, Kaiser Permanente Department of Psychiatry
Oakland, CA
Fall, 2008

PUBLICATIONS/POSTERS

Restrepo, D., Cho, D.S., Kron, M.J. Essential activation of Na+/H+ exchange by [H+]i in HL-60 cells. Am J Physiol. 259 (C490-502), 1990.

Restrepo, D., Cho, D.S., Kron, M.J. Intracellular proton concentration dependence of Na+/H+ exchange follows Michaelis Menten kinetics in HL-60 cells. Biophysical J. (abstract), 1990.

Kakizuka, A., et al. Chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in human acute promyelocytic leukemia fuses RAR alpha with a novel putative transcription
factor, PML. Cell, 66 (663-674), 1991. (acknowledgement)

Yale University Health Services Department of Mental Hygiene,